This is a thread guideline in commonly used hydraulic fittings and adapters.
You must accurately identify connectors and ports before installing or changing them on a tube or hose in your particular application since they have several uses in fluid piping systems.
Pitch, angle, diameter, and shape are the four primary thread parameters that manufacturers categorize using IDs. The SAE International, British Association, and American National Standards Institute are a few organizations working on this.
Follow me through as we see a detailed explanation of thread types.
How to Identify an Unknown Thread type
Verify the following to locate an unknown thread:
Gender: Female or Male
Taper: Tapered or parallel. Visual examination or a caliper to measure the thread diameter at its beginning and end can be used to make this determination.
Thread Diameter: Measure the outer diameter of the male threads or the interior diameter of the female threads using an ID/OD caliper, then compare the results to the chart. Please be aware that results may differ if the connection is worn from use or if the caliper arms do not rest flat on the threads.
Thread Pitch: Pitch gauges can be used for this. Verify the correct pitch by measuring many samples. The reciprocal number of threads in a 1-inch span (TPI), multiplied by two, gives you the thread pitch in inches if a pitch gauge is unavailable. Count the threads within a 10-mm span if you have doubts about the thread’s metric designation. Your pitch size in mm is the inverse of this value.
To discover the proper thread type you have, use this information to look at the common thread types listed below and their tables.
Common Thread Standards
There are four main thread standards explained below.
1. National (American) Pipe Thread
Rather than using the actual diameter, the American National pipe is identified by trade size. National Pipe Straight (NPS) and National Pipe Taper (NPT) are the two primary varieties of National pipe threads (NPS).
The thread angle, shape, and pitch are identical for NPT and NPS (threads per inch). NPS threads are straight, while NPT threads are tapered (parallel). Both threads feature smooth peaks and troughs with a 60° included angle (this is a Sellers thread form).
2. British Standard Pipe (BSP)
All around Europe, British Standard Pipe (BSP) is in use. The name of the group of technical specifications designates particular screw threads. These standards have been adopted by nations worldwide and are now used for joining and sealing pipes and fittings. BSP threads come in two varieties: The BSPT and BSPP. Our British Standard Pipe hydraulic fittings adopt this standard.
3. Metric Thread (ISO)
European countries tend to use metric thread the most. It has an exact millimeter-sized cylindrical inner and outer diameter. The metric tapered thread has a precise taper to transmit force as effectively as possible. Metric threads are written with a capital “M” and a number corresponding to their nominal outside diameter (ex. M22 x 1.5). The last thing to remember is to use a metric pitch gauge when determining pitch size.
4. SAE J514 – The Standard for Flared Fittings
SAE International (formerly the Society of Automotive Engineers) is a group devoted to creating standards for the commercial vehicle, aerospace, and automotive sectors. SAE J514 is one of their standards. Pipe fittings, O-ring plugs, adapters, and fittings with a 37-degree flare and a 24-degree flareless angle are covered under the SAE J514 standard. They are made to keep a tight seal despite intense vibrations, pressure spikes, heat shocks, and other challenging circumstances.
Thread Compatibility
Spiral leakage will occur even if some BSP and NPT threads are sufficiently tightened and engaged. This is due to pitch and thread angle discrepancies. Particularly, pitch variation causes thread misalignment in 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, and 3/8 diameters. This misalignment might cause the threads only to be partly attached. NPT and BSP, however, have the same pitch at the 1/2 and 3/4 diameters, which will enable good engagement.
However, this connection will still have problems because the thread shapes and angles differ. If the right thread sealant is used, these threads could work well together for low-end applications. The table displays the thread compatibility and necessary seal type as a guide for your application.
Conclusion
I hope this guide has opened your eyes to the kind of thread types available in the market. Order your various thread types from us today.